Here are some more entries from my prize possession,
A Dictionary of Green Ideas by John Button. (1988).
(Words in capitals refer to other entries)
Nationalism
[1844. L natio, birth, tribe]
While it can be taken to acknowledge a shared cultural heritage and the right of a people with a common culture to political autonomy (see NATION), nationalism today relates more often to the (frequently arbitrary) area within the borders of a nation state (see STATE), and the engineered patriotism created by politicians and generals to control its citizenry.
"We cannot discuss nationalism without first defining the word "nation", and the only definition which covers the ground is "a community organised for war". A nationalist is thus a person who wishes to surround himself, and those who can be induced to conspire with him, with a closely and aggressively guarded military frontier, and incidentally to prevent as far as possible that cross-fertilization of ideas which always has been and always must be the sole insurance against the relapse into barbarism which perpetually threatens all human communities".
Aldous Huxley, 1937.
"Nationalism is a tough political power to replace. Throughout the twentieth century we have watched grudging efforts to modify the cruder forms of nationalism, and the continuing resistance to this process. This may explain the decade of UN conferences, where over a hundred governments have repeatedly voted in favour of resolutions on international action, but signally failed to do much to implement them. There is a curious tension between what governments subconsciously know to be the international realities and what they are prepared to accept in limitation of their own sovereign interests." (Barbara Ward, in Erik Eckholm, 1982)
Nation
[14c. L nation, birth, tribe]
Usually used as a synonym for STATE, though it is important to recognise that the inhabitants of culturally homogenous areas which are not recognised as states may consider themselves to be part of a nation, albeit a nation which is considered second-rate because it is not a state, such as Scotland and Wales within the UK, or Quebec within Canada.
State
[16c in this sense. L status, manner of standing]
(also "country", NATION, "nation state")
An arbitrarily-defined part of the earth's surface, occasionally having a human population with a common culture and language, which is more or less cut off from all other parts of the world and forms the geographical base for centralised and hierarchical control of its human population by powerful elites. The division of the world into states is a condition so much taken for granted that we almost never stop to think why we have states at all, why we need them, and what the world might be like without them. Yet the very notion of the state is antithetical to green thinking. "The nation-state makes us less human. It towers over us, cajoles us, disempowers us, bilks us of our substance, humiliates us - and often kills us in its imperialist adventures" (Murray Bookchin, 1986). The idea of arbitrary division and rigid boundaries is totally unecological, the concept of centralised elitist control contrary to individual empowerment, yet every aspect of our lives is controlled by the fact of our citizenship of one of the world's 229 nations........
[incomplete]
Self-determination
[1911 in this sense]
The belief that a NATION or cultural group should decide its own policies without pressure from outside. See COLONIALISM, NEOCOLONIALISM.
Anarchism
[16c. anrchia, without a ruler]
The refusal to accept forced AUTHORITY, especially governmental authority. From its very earliest use, the term was subverted by those in authority to mean a state of disorder and chaos, thought to result from the failure or absence of government. "Anarchism, if it means anything at all, is trying to remove coercive authority from human relationships." (Alan Albon, Green Anarchist, June/July 1986).
..... [incomplete]
Whether or not it is called anarchism, a belief in individual FREEDOM and RESPONSIBILITY and the right not to be coerced by arbitrary authority is central to green thinking.
Mental Illness
[c 1950]
A creation of professional psychiatrists from the mid-nineteenth century onwards to explain rebellious or anti-social behaviour, usually called 'hysteria' until the 1950s and thought of as a predominantly female "disorder". In the last twenty years many people have questioned the legitimacy of the label mental illness, and have criticised the way that those given the label are treated as second-class human beings. Green-thinkers prefer to take mental health or mental wellness as their starting-point, rather than framing the issue within the conventional and limiting terms of mental illness, disease or handicap. Some humanistic psychologists use the term 'mental distress': "Humanistic psychology does not attach very much importance to diagnostic categories, and does not see mental distress as a medical problem". (John Rowan, 1976).
Economy
[c.1530 Gk oikonomia, household management]
The fair distribution and wise use of RESOURCES. The antithesis of what most politicians and industrialists call "the economy." Some green thinkers, following Donald Worster's example (Nature's Economy: The Roots of Ecology, 1977), see ecology as "nature's economy", thus stressing that economic sustainability must be based on ecological sustainability. See ECONOMICS.
Economics
[1792 Gk oikonomos, household manager]
The exploration of WEALTH, VALUE and the distribution and management of resources.
...
"Conventional economics is a form of brain damage." (Hazel Henderson, quoted in John Elkington, 1987).
...
[to be completed]
A Dictionary of Green Ideas by John Button. (1988).
(Words in capitals refer to other entries)
Nationalism
[1844. L natio, birth, tribe]
While it can be taken to acknowledge a shared cultural heritage and the right of a people with a common culture to political autonomy (see NATION), nationalism today relates more often to the (frequently arbitrary) area within the borders of a nation state (see STATE), and the engineered patriotism created by politicians and generals to control its citizenry.
"We cannot discuss nationalism without first defining the word "nation", and the only definition which covers the ground is "a community organised for war". A nationalist is thus a person who wishes to surround himself, and those who can be induced to conspire with him, with a closely and aggressively guarded military frontier, and incidentally to prevent as far as possible that cross-fertilization of ideas which always has been and always must be the sole insurance against the relapse into barbarism which perpetually threatens all human communities".
Aldous Huxley, 1937.
"Nationalism is a tough political power to replace. Throughout the twentieth century we have watched grudging efforts to modify the cruder forms of nationalism, and the continuing resistance to this process. This may explain the decade of UN conferences, where over a hundred governments have repeatedly voted in favour of resolutions on international action, but signally failed to do much to implement them. There is a curious tension between what governments subconsciously know to be the international realities and what they are prepared to accept in limitation of their own sovereign interests." (Barbara Ward, in Erik Eckholm, 1982)
Nation
[14c. L nation, birth, tribe]
Usually used as a synonym for STATE, though it is important to recognise that the inhabitants of culturally homogenous areas which are not recognised as states may consider themselves to be part of a nation, albeit a nation which is considered second-rate because it is not a state, such as Scotland and Wales within the UK, or Quebec within Canada.
State
[16c in this sense. L status, manner of standing]
(also "country", NATION, "nation state")
An arbitrarily-defined part of the earth's surface, occasionally having a human population with a common culture and language, which is more or less cut off from all other parts of the world and forms the geographical base for centralised and hierarchical control of its human population by powerful elites. The division of the world into states is a condition so much taken for granted that we almost never stop to think why we have states at all, why we need them, and what the world might be like without them. Yet the very notion of the state is antithetical to green thinking. "The nation-state makes us less human. It towers over us, cajoles us, disempowers us, bilks us of our substance, humiliates us - and often kills us in its imperialist adventures" (Murray Bookchin, 1986). The idea of arbitrary division and rigid boundaries is totally unecological, the concept of centralised elitist control contrary to individual empowerment, yet every aspect of our lives is controlled by the fact of our citizenship of one of the world's 229 nations........
[incomplete]
Self-determination
[1911 in this sense]
The belief that a NATION or cultural group should decide its own policies without pressure from outside. See COLONIALISM, NEOCOLONIALISM.
Anarchism
[16c. anrchia, without a ruler]
The refusal to accept forced AUTHORITY, especially governmental authority. From its very earliest use, the term was subverted by those in authority to mean a state of disorder and chaos, thought to result from the failure or absence of government. "Anarchism, if it means anything at all, is trying to remove coercive authority from human relationships." (Alan Albon, Green Anarchist, June/July 1986).
..... [incomplete]
Whether or not it is called anarchism, a belief in individual FREEDOM and RESPONSIBILITY and the right not to be coerced by arbitrary authority is central to green thinking.
Mental Illness
[c 1950]
A creation of professional psychiatrists from the mid-nineteenth century onwards to explain rebellious or anti-social behaviour, usually called 'hysteria' until the 1950s and thought of as a predominantly female "disorder". In the last twenty years many people have questioned the legitimacy of the label mental illness, and have criticised the way that those given the label are treated as second-class human beings. Green-thinkers prefer to take mental health or mental wellness as their starting-point, rather than framing the issue within the conventional and limiting terms of mental illness, disease or handicap. Some humanistic psychologists use the term 'mental distress': "Humanistic psychology does not attach very much importance to diagnostic categories, and does not see mental distress as a medical problem". (John Rowan, 1976).
Economy
[c.1530 Gk oikonomia, household management]
The fair distribution and wise use of RESOURCES. The antithesis of what most politicians and industrialists call "the economy." Some green thinkers, following Donald Worster's example (Nature's Economy: The Roots of Ecology, 1977), see ecology as "nature's economy", thus stressing that economic sustainability must be based on ecological sustainability. See ECONOMICS.
Economics
[1792 Gk oikonomos, household manager]
The exploration of WEALTH, VALUE and the distribution and management of resources.
...
"Conventional economics is a form of brain damage." (Hazel Henderson, quoted in John Elkington, 1987).
...
[to be completed]